Meteorologia spaziale

Velocità del vento solare Vento solare dei campi magnetici Apice radioflusso a 10.7 cm
Bt Bz

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EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 16.11.2025 22:17 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5151
Valid From: 2025 Nov 15 2000 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 17 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 16.11.2025 03:03 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 16 0259 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 16.11.2025 02:19 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5150
Valid From: 2025 Nov 15 2000 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 16 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 15.11.2025 20:02 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 15 2000 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 16 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Emesso: 14.11.2025 23:38 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0920 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 14 0950 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 14 1325 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 16 pfu
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 14.11.2025 17:50 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 15: None (Below G1) Nov 16: G1 (Minor) Nov 17: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 14.11.2025 12:09 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0822 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 14 0825 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 14 0841 UTC
Duration: 19 minutes
Peak Flux: 1100 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 156 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 14.11.2025 11:45 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0837 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Emesso: 14.11.2025 09:37 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0920 UTC
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 14.11.2025 09:17 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 14 0917 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 14 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 14.11.2025 09:08 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0744 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 14 0830 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 14 0840 UTC
X-ray Class: X4
Optical Class: na
Location: N24W68
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 14.11.2025 08:41 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 14 0813 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1525 km/s

Comment: From San Vito
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 14.11.2025 08:26 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 14 0823 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Emesso: 13.11.2025 21:11 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 12 0215 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 13 2100 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 1456 pfu
NOAA Scale: S3 - Strong

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 20:58 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5148
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2230 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 14 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 20:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2137
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2343 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 14 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 20:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 625
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 14 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Emesso: 13.11.2025 15:38 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 13: G3 (Strong) Nov 14: G1 (Minor) Nov 15: None (Below G1)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Comment: Downgrading watch to G3 (Strong) for the remainder of 13 Nov as geomagnetic activity gradually subsides.

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 14:47 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 624
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 13.11.2025 14:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 1435 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 11:45 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 614
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 13.11.2025 07:32 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0723 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 07:32 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2136
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2343 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 13.11.2025 07:32 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 623
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 13.11.2025 07:04 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0647 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 100MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1pfu
Emesso: 13.11.2025 06:03 UTC
Proton Event 100MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 1100 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 12 0150 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 12 0925 UTC
Maximum 100MeV Flux: 37 pfu

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Emesso: 13.11.2025 06:00 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 1225 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 12 0215 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 13 0205 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 1460 pfu
NOAA Scale: S3 - Strong

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 13.11.2025 05:23 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0518 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 13.11.2025 04:07 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0404 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 13.11.2025 03:35 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0330 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 13.11.2025 01:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0150 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 13.11.2025 01:21 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0116 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 13.11.2025 00:30 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 13 0025 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 13.11.2025 00:03 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-0000 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 23:56 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 613
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 23:54 UTC
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 119
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 1028 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: An enhancement in the energetic portion of the solar radiation spectrum may indicate increased biological risk to astronauts or passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights. Additionally, energetic particles may represent an increased risk to all satellite systems susceptible to single event effects. This information should be used in conjunction with the current Solar Radiation Storm conditions when assessing overall impact.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 12.11.2025 23:38 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 12 0145 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 12 0215 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 12 0310 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 1460 pfu
NOAA Scale: S3 - Strong

Comment: Final CME shock appears to have arrived at L1 at approximately 12/1853 UTC. The corresponding proton enhancement in GEO reached 819 pfu at 12/1915 UTC. S3 levels are no longer expected.

WC

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 20:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 622
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 20:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Extension to Serial Number: 137
Valid From: 2025 Nov 12 0020 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 12.11.2025 20:52 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 2051 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 20:11 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 2009 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Emesso: 12.11.2025 19:38 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Observed: 2025 Nov 12 1917 UTC
Deviation: 33 nT
Station: FRD

WARNING
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 19:04 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 12 1915 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 12 1945 UTC
IP Shock Passage Observed: 2025 Nov 12 1853 UTC

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G4 or Greater Predicted
Emesso: 12.11.2025 18:05 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G4 or Greater Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 13: G4 (Severe) Nov 14: G1 (Minor) Nov 15: None (Below G1)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 45 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Possible widespread voltage control problems and some protective systems may mistakenly trip out key assets from the power grid. Induced pipeline currents intensify.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low earth orbit satellites, and tracking and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Satellite navigation (GPS) degraded or inoperable for hours.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation sporadic or blacked out.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Alabama and northern California.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 17:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 1719 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 12:51 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 1240 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 11:51 UTC
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 118
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 1028 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: An enhancement in the energetic portion of the solar radiation spectrum may indicate increased biological risk to astronauts or passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights. Additionally, energetic particles may represent an increased risk to all satellite systems susceptible to single event effects. This information should be used in conjunction with the current Solar Radiation Storm conditions when assessing overall impact.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 12.11.2025 10:38 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 1033 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0900-1200 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 12.11.2025 09:35 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0931 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0900-1200 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 09:19 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0912 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0900-1200 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:59 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0859 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Extension to Serial Number: 136
Valid From: 2025 Nov 12 0020 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2135
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2343 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 621
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0831 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 08:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5147
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2230 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 13 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 06:59 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0655 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 12.11.2025 05:02 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3558
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 1325 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 10891 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Emesso: 12.11.2025 03:46 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0345 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G4 - Severe

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 45 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Possible widespread voltage control problems and some protective systems may mistakenly trip out key assets from the power grid. Induced pipeline currents intensify.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low earth orbit satellites, and tracking and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Satellite navigation (GPS) degraded or inoperable for hours.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation sporadic or blacked out.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Alabama and northern California.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 12.11.2025 03:14 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0310 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 12.11.2025 03:11 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0306 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 03:10 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0305 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 12.11.2025 01:55 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 12 0145 UTC
NOAA Scale: S3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Radiation - Passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights may experience increasing radiation exposures. Astronauts on EVA (extra-vehicular activity) are exposed to elevated radiation levels.
Spacecraft - Single-event upsets to satellite operations, noise in imaging systems, and slight reduction of efficiency in solar panels are likely.
Radio - Degraded or episodically blacked-out polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Emesso: 12.11.2025 01:22 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0121 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G4 - Severe

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 45 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Possible widespread voltage control problems and some protective systems may mistakenly trip out key assets from the power grid. Induced pipeline currents intensify.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low earth orbit satellites, and tracking and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Satellite navigation (GPS) degraded or inoperable for hours.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation sporadic or blacked out.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Alabama and northern California.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 12.11.2025 00:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0040 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 12.11.2025 00:30 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0024 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 12.11.2025 00:21 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0012 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Emesso: 12.11.2025 00:20 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 12 0020 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 12 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G3 or greater

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 12.11.2025 00:19 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 12 0011 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 23:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2344 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 12 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 23:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2343 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 23:38 UTC
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 117
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 1028 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: An enhancement in the energetic portion of the solar radiation spectrum may indicate increased biological risk to astronauts or passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights. Additionally, energetic particles may represent an increased risk to all satellite systems susceptible to single event effects. This information should be used in conjunction with the current Solar Radiation Storm conditions when assessing overall impact.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 23:38 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 612
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

SUMMARY
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Emesso: 11.11.2025 23:16 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Observed: 2025 Nov 11 2300 UTC
Deviation: 17 nT
Station: BOU

Comment: Deviation of 17 nT observed at the Boulder magnetometer at 11/2300 UTC. This is likely the result of the first of three expected CME arrivals anticipated over approximately the next 17 to 18 hours.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 22:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2230 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 12 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 22:28 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 2255 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 11 2340 UTC
IP Shock Passage Observed: 2025 Nov 11 2212 UTC

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G4 or Greater Predicted
Emesso: 11.11.2025 17:05 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G4 or Greater Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 12: G4 (Severe) Nov 13: G3 (Strong) Nov 14: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 45 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Possible widespread voltage control problems and some protective systems may mistakenly trip out key assets from the power grid. Induced pipeline currents intensify.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low earth orbit satellites, and tracking and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Satellite navigation (GPS) degraded or inoperable for hours.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation sporadic or blacked out.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Alabama and northern California.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Emesso: 11.11.2025 12:32 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 1232 UTC
NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Radiation - Passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights may experience small, increased radiation exposures.
Spacecraft - Infrequent single-event upsets to satellites are possible.
Radio - Small effects on polar HF (high frequency) propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 11.11.2025 12:30 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 0959 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 11 1002 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 11 1044 UTC
Duration: 45 minutes
Peak Flux: 10000 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 180 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 11:56 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 611
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 12 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:38 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 1001 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1350 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:32 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3557
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 1325 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 4276 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Proton Event 100MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1pfu
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:29 UTC
Proton Event 100MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 1029 UTC

Potential Impacts: An enhancement in the energetic portion of the solar radiation spectrum may indicate increased biological risk to astronauts or passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights. Additionally, energetic particles may represent an increased risk to all satellite systems susceptible to single event effects. This information should be used in conjunction with the current Solar Radiation Storm conditions when assessing overall impact.

WARNING
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:28 UTC
Proton 100MeV Integral Flux above 1pfu expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 11 1028 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 11 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: An enhancement in the energetic portion of the solar radiation spectrum may indicate increased biological risk to astronauts or passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights. Additionally, energetic particles may represent an increased risk to all satellite systems susceptible to single event effects. This information should be used in conjunction with the current Solar Radiation Storm conditions when assessing overall impact.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:23 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 11 0949 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 11 1004 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 11 1017 UTC
X-ray Class: X5.1
Optical Class: 3b
Location: N28W12
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 11.11.2025 10:02 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 11 1002 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Emesso: 10.11.2025 21:17 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 11: G2 (Moderate) Nov 12: G3 (Strong) Nov 13: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 10.11.2025 20:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5145
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1601 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 11 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 10.11.2025 16:04 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 10 1604 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 10.11.2025 16:01 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1601 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 10 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 10.11.2025 13:59 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 10 1325 UTC
Station: GOES19

Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Emesso: 10.11.2025 11:42 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 1125 UTC
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 10.11.2025 10:23 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 0855 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 10 0919 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 10 1018 UTC
X-ray Class: X1.2
Optical Class: 2b
Location: N28W01
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Emesso: 10.11.2025 10:18 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 10 1030 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 11 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 10.11.2025 10:16 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 0908 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 10 0917 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 10 0943 UTC
Duration: 35 minutes
Peak Flux: 860 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 176 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 10.11.2025 10:01 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 0918 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 10.11.2025 09:46 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 10 0911 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1321 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 10.11.2025 09:13 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 10 0913 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G2 Predicted
Emesso: 09.11.2025 18:21 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G2 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 10: G1 (Minor) Nov 11: G2 (Moderate) Nov 12: G2 (Moderate)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 09.11.2025 08:23 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 09 0710 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 09 0718 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 09 0735 UTC
Duration: 25 minutes
Peak Flux: 360 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 172 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 09.11.2025 08:04 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 09 0701 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 09 0735 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 09 0755 UTC
X-ray Class: X1.7
Location: N23E01
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 09.11.2025 07:51 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 09 0712 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 804 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 09.11.2025 07:44 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 09 0719 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 09.11.2025 07:22 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 09 0719 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 08.11.2025 23:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5143
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 09 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 08.11.2025 07:51 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 08 0737 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 08.11.2025 06:12 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 08 0448 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 08.11.2025 04:04 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 08 0401 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 08.11.2025 02:02 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 08 0201 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 08.11.2025 01:58 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 08 0158 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 08 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 08.11.2025 01:38 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 08 0135 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 08.11.2025 01:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5142
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 08 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 08.11.2025 01:27 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 08 0130 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 08 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G2 Predicted
Emesso: 07.11.2025 19:30 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G2 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 08: G2 (Moderate) Nov 09: G1 (Minor) Nov 10: G2 (Moderate)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 07.11.2025 13:58 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2132
Valid From: 2025 Nov 06 2347 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 07 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 07.11.2025 08:31 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 07 0732 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 07.11.2025 08:06 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 07 0737 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1169 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 07.11.2025 07:25 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 07 0716 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Emesso: 07.11.2025 05:36 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Observed: 2025 Nov 07 0517 UTC
Deviation: 40 nT
Station: CNB

WARNING
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Emesso: 07.11.2025 05:04 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 07 0505 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 07 0545 UTC
IP Shock Passage Observed: 2025 Nov 07 0449 UTC

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 07.11.2025 04:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 07 0457 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 07 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 07.11.2025 04:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 07 0448 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 07.11.2025 02:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5141
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 08 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 07.11.2025 02:26 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 07 0220 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 07.11.2025 00:00 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 2359 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 23:50 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 06 2347 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 07 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Emesso: 06.11.2025 20:31 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 07: G3 (Strong) Nov 08: G2 (Moderate) Nov 09: None (Below G1)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 17:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5140
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 07 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 06.11.2025 08:10 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0809 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 06.11.2025 06:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0636 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Emesso: 06.11.2025 05:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0527 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 04:10 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 617
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 2200 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 06 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 04:08 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 06 0408 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 06 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G3 or greater

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 06.11.2025 03:51 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0346 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 06.11.2025 03:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0330 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 01:47 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2130
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 1950 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 06 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 06.11.2025 01:46 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5139
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 06 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 06.11.2025 01:24 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 06 0121 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 2252 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5138
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 07 0000 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:29 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 2200 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 06 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:24 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 05 2152 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 05 2207 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 05 2216 UTC
X-ray Class: M8.6
Location: N24E45
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:21 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 2214 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:21 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 05 2201 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 05 2201 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 05 2206 UTC
Duration: 5 minutes
Peak Flux: 180 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 147 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:16 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 05 2159 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1395 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 22:05 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 1103 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 20:16 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 2010 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 19:50 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 1950 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 06 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 05.11.2025 19:40 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 1936 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Emesso: 05.11.2025 18:07 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 06: G3 (Strong) Nov 07: G3 (Strong) Nov 08: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 17:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5137
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 06 0000 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 05.11.2025 14:53 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 1445 UTC
Station: GOES19

Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 05.11.2025 12:01 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 05 1047 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 05 1057 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 05 1132 UTC
Duration: 45 minutes
Peak Flux: 760 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 159 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 11:49 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 05 1036 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 05 1119 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 05 1143 UTC
X-ray Class: M7.4
Location: N22E48
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 05.11.2025 11:09 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 1106 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 08:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5136
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 05 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 05.11.2025 01:42 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 05 0133 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 05.11.2025 01:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 05 0137 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 05 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 04.11.2025 22:31 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 04 1729 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 04.11.2025 22:21 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 04 2145 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 04 2201 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 04 2211 UTC
X-ray Class: X1.1
Optical Class: na
Location: S13E72
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 04.11.2025 22:00 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 04 2157 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 04.11.2025 21:40 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 05: None (Below G1) Nov 06: G1 (Minor) Nov 07: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Emesso: 04.11.2025 17:57 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 04 1724 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 04 1725 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 04 1727 UTC
Duration: 3 minutes
Peak Flux: 160 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 133 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Emesso: 04.11.2025 17:55 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 04 1725 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 04 1734 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 04 1751 UTC
X-ray Class: X1.8
Location: N24E54
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 04.11.2025 17:44 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 04 1729 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 04.11.2025 17:27 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 04 1725 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 04.11.2025 05:51 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3554
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 31 1250 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 6364 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 04.11.2025 02:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5134
Valid From: 2025 Nov 02 1711 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 04 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 03.11.2025 21:25 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Nov 04: None (Below G1) Nov 05: None (Below G1) Nov 06: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 03.11.2025 16:22 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 03 1236 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 03.11.2025 14:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5133
Valid From: 2025 Nov 02 1711 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 04 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Emesso: 03.11.2025 10:43 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2025 Nov 03 0938 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Nov 03 1011 UTC
End Time: 2025 Nov 03 1037 UTC
X-ray Class: M5.0
Location: N22E73
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Emesso: 03.11.2025 10:14 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 03 1013 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 03.11.2025 08:46 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 03 0845 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 03 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 03.11.2025 08:05 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5132
Valid From: 2025 Nov 02 1711 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 03 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 03.11.2025 04:59 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3553
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 31 1250 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 12611 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 02.11.2025 17:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Nov 02 1749 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 02.11.2025 17:12 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Nov 02 1711 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Nov 03 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 02.11.2025 04:59 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3552
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 31 1250 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 10574 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 02.11.2025 02:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5130
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 02 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 01.11.2025 20:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5129
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 02 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 01.11.2025 05:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5128
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 01 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

CONTINUED ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 01.11.2025 05:00 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3551
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 31 1250 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 4767 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 31.10.2025 21:07 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 31 2013 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 542 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 31.10.2025 14:27 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2127
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 31 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 31.10.2025 14:27 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5127
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Nov 01 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Emesso: 31.10.2025 13:09 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 31 1250 UTC
Station: GOES19

Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 31.10.2025 06:02 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 31 0559 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 31.10.2025 05:49 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2126
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 31 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 31.10.2025 05:49 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5126
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 31 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 23:52 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2125
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 31 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 30.10.2025 16:50 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 30 1645 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 16:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5125
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 31 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 14:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2124
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 30 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 30.10.2025 12:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 30 1253 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 10:13 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 30 1012 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 30 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 30.10.2025 10:12 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 30 1012 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0900-1200 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 05:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5124
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 30 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 30.10.2025 05:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2123
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 30 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 30.10.2025 05:06 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 30 0428 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 691 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 30.10.2025 03:02 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 30 0259 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 29.10.2025 23:44 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 29 2344 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 30 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 29.10.2025 16:06 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5123
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 30 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 29.10.2025 11:12 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5122
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 29 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 29.10.2025 00:40 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 29 0010 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1279 km/s

Comment: associated with farsided event
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 28.10.2025 18:42 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5121
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 29 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 28.10.2025 15:01 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 28 1451 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 28.10.2025 08:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5120
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 28 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 28.10.2025 02:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5119
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 28 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 28.10.2025 00:10 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Oct 28: G1 (Minor) Oct 29: G1 (Minor) Oct 30: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 27.10.2025 23:25 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 27 2325 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 28 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 26.10.2025 20:17 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Oct 27: None (Below G1) Oct 28: G1 (Minor) Oct 29: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Emesso: 25.10.2025 20:55 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Oct 26: None (Below G1) Oct 27: None (Below G1) Oct 28: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 25.10.2025 05:57 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 25 0557 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 25.10.2025 05:48 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 25 0548 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 25 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Emesso: 21.10.2025 21:09 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 21 2011 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Emesso: 21.10.2025 21:08 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Oct 21 2007 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 2474 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

CANCEL WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 21.10.2025 09:09 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Cancel Serial Number: 5116
Original Issue Time: 2025 Oct 21 0456 UTC

Comment: The conditions for this warning no longer exist

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 21.10.2025 04:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 21 0455 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 21 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 19.10.2025 00:50 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 19 0043 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 23:40 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 2121
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 1743 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 19 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 23:39 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5114
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 1726 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2025 Oct 19 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Emesso: 18.10.2025 20:13 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 2012 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 19:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 1952 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 18 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 18.10.2025 19:47 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 1947 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 18.10.2025 17:48 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 1746 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 17:43 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 1743 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 18 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 18.10.2025 17:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 1728 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 17:27 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 1726 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 19 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Emesso: 18.10.2025 08:36 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 0835 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 05:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 0552 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 18 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Emesso: 18.10.2025 02:42 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2025 Oct 18 0242 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Emesso: 18.10.2025 02:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Oct 18 0237 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Oct 18 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

Tabella

Data Radio flux 10.7 cm SESC Numero di macchie solari Zona macchie solari 10E-6 Nuove regioni GOES15 X-ray Bkgd flux Brillamenti
X-ray Ottica
C M X S 1 2 3
17.10.2025 164 120 1380 1 * 6 6 0 6 1 0 0
18.10.2025 156 105 1230 1 * 7 5 0 0 1 0 0
19.10.2025 149 103 960 2 * 7 2 0 0 0 0 0
20.10.2025 140 109 900 2 * 5 1 0 0 0 0 0
21.10.2025 133 107 480 2 * 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
22.10.2025 133 117 490 1 * 5 0 0 1 0 0 0
23.10.2025 130 92 490 2 * 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
24.10.2025 134 99 520 1 * 7 0 0 3 0 0 0
25.10.2025 127 89 420 1 * 3 0 0 4 0 0 0
26.10.2025 124 92 410 0 * 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
27.10.2025 121 96 340 1 * 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
28.10.2025 122 91 340 0 * 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
29.10.2025 118 80 320 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30.10.2025 120 68 200 1 * 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
31.10.2025 125 34 130 0 * 5 0 0 1 0 0 0
01.11.2025 115 24 150 1 * 5 0 0 1 0 0 0
02.11.2025 123 43 190 1 * 4 1 0 2 0 0 0
03.11.2025 133 87 730 2 * 8 5 0 3 0 0 0
04.11.2025 159 91 710 0 * 9 2 2 6 3 0 0
05.11.2025 147 76 730 0 * 13 2 0 10 2 2 0
06.11.2025 163 104 980 1 * 22 1 0 9 0 0 0
07.11.2025 166 133 1240 2 * 20 1 0 19 1 0 0
08.11.2025 172 107 1350 0 * 15 0 0 6 0 0 0
09.11.2025 176 126 1390 1 * 11 0 1 5 1 1 0
10.11.2025 180 128 1410 1 * 14 1 1 8 1 2 0
11.11.2025 168 131 1530 1 * 12 1 1 20 0 0 1
12.11.2025 163 150 1350 0 * 8 0 0 4 0 0 0
13.11.2025 156 104 1050 0 * 17 0 0 12 0 0 0
14.11.2025 145 114 930 1 * 12 2 1 2 0 0 1
15.11.2025 132 97 690 1 * 14 0 0 1 0 0 0
Media/Totale 143 97 768 27 245 30 6 123 10 5 2

Grafico riassuntivo

Brillamenti

Vento Solare

Vento Solare

Il vento solare è un flusso di plasma rilasciato dall'alta atmosfera del Sole. È costituito principalmente da elettroni, protoni e particelle alfa con energie generalmente comprese tra 1,5 e 10 keV. Il flusso di particelle varia in densità, temperatura e velocità nel tempo e nella longitudine solare. Queste particelle possono sfuggire alla gravità del Sole a causa della loro elevata energia, dell'elevata temperatura della corona e dei fenomeni magnetici, elettrici ed elettromagnetici in essa contenuti.

Il vento solare è diviso in due componenti, rispettivamente denominate vento solare lento e vento solare veloce. Il vento solare lento ha una velocità di circa 400 km/s, una temperatura di 1,4–1,6×10e6 K e una composizione che si avvicina molto alla corona. Al contrario, il vento solare veloce ha una velocità tipica di 750 km/s, una temperatura di 8×10e5 K e corrisponde quasi alla composizione della fotosfera del Sole. Il vento solare lento è due volte più denso e di intensità più variabile del vento solare veloce. Il vento lento ha anche una struttura più complessa, con regioni turbolente e strutture su larga scala.

Flusso radio solare a 10.7 cm

Flusso radio solare a 10.7 cm

Il flusso radio solare a 10,7 cm (2800 MHz) è un eccellente indicatore dell'attività solare. Spesso chiamato indice F10.7, è uno dei record di attività solare più longevi. Le emissioni radio F10.7 hanno origine in alto nella cromosfera e in basso nella corona dell'atmosfera solare. L'F10.7 si correla bene con il numero di macchie solari e con un numero di record di raggi ultravioletti (UV) e di irraggiamento solare visibile. Riportato in "unità di flusso solare", (s.f.u.), l'F10.7 può variare da meno di 50 s.f.u., a oltre 300 s.f.u., nel corso di un ciclo solare.

Brillamenti Solari

Brillamenti Solari

Un brillamento solare è un improvviso lampo di luminosità osservato sulla superficie del Sole o sul ramo solare, che viene interpretato come un grande rilascio di energia fino a 6 × 10e25 joule di energia. Sono spesso, ma non sempre, seguite da una colossale espulsione di massa coronale. Il bagliore espelle nello spazio nubi di elettroni, ioni e atomi attraverso la corona del sole. Queste nuvole in genere raggiungono la Terra un giorno o due dopo l'evento.

I brillamenti solari colpiscono tutti gli strati dell'atmosfera solare (fotosfera, cromosfera e corona), quando il mezzo plasmatico viene riscaldato a decine di milioni di kelvin, mentre gli elettroni, i protoni e gli ioni più pesanti vengono accelerati vicino alla velocità della luce. Producono radiazioni in tutto lo spettro elettromagnetico a tutte le lunghezze d'onda, dalle onde radio ai raggi gamma, sebbene la maggior parte dell'energia sia diffusa su frequenze al di fuori del campo visivo e per questo motivo la maggior parte dei bagliori non sono visibili ad occhio nudo e devono essere osservato con strumenti speciali. I bagliori si verificano nelle regioni attive intorno alle macchie solari, dove intensi campi magnetici penetrano nella fotosfera per collegare la corona all'interno solare. I bagliori sono alimentati dal rilascio improvviso (scale temporali da minuti a decine di minuti) di energia magnetica immagazzinata nella corona. Gli stessi rilasci di energia possono produrre espulsioni di massa coronale (CME), sebbene la relazione tra CME e brillamenti non sia ancora ben stabilita.

La frequenza di occorrenza dei brillamenti solari varia, da diversi al giorno quando il Sole è particolarmente "attivo" a meno di uno alla settimana quando il Sole è "tranquillo", seguendo il ciclo di 11 anni (il ciclo solare). I grandi bagliori sono meno frequenti di quelli più piccoli.

Classificazione

I brillamenti solari sono classificati come A, B, C, M o X in base al flusso di picco (in watt per metro quadrato, W/m2) di raggi X da 100 a 800 picometri vicino alla Terra, misurato sulla sonda GOES.

Classificazione Flusso di picco compreso tra 100 e 800 picometer
W/m2
A < 10e-7
B 10e-7 to 10e-6
C 10e-6 to 10e-5
M 10e-5 to 10e-4
X 10e-4 to 10e-3
Z > 10e-3

Una precedente classificazione dei bagliori si basa su osservazioni spettrali Hα. Lo schema utilizza sia l'intensità che la superficie di emissione. La classificazione in intensità è qualitativa, riferendosi ai brillamenti come: (f)aint, (n)ormal o (b)rilliant. La superficie di emissione è misurata in termini di milionesimi di emisfero ed è descritta di seguito. (L'area totale dell'emisfero AH = 6,2 × 1012 km2.)

Classificazione Zona corretta
(milionesimi di emisfero)
S < 100
1 100 - 250
2 250 - 600
3 600 - 1200
4 > 1200

Numero di macchie solari

Macchie Solari

Le macchie solari sono fenomeni temporanei sulla fotosfera del Sole che appaiono visibilmente come macchie scure rispetto alle regioni circostanti. Corrispondono a concentrazioni di campo magnetico che inibiscono la convezione e determinano una temperatura superficiale ridotta rispetto alla fotosfera circostante. Le macchie solari di solito compaiono in coppia, con membri di coppia di polarità magnetica opposta. Il numero di macchie solari varia in base al ciclo solare di circa 11 anni.

Le popolazioni di macchie solari aumentano rapidamente e diminuiscono più lentamente su un ciclo irregolare di 11 anni, sebbene siano note variazioni significative nel numero di macchie solari che frequentano il periodo di 11 anni in periodi di tempo più lunghi. Ad esempio, dal 1900 agli anni '60, la tendenza dei massimi solari del conteggio delle macchie solari è stata al rialzo; dagli anni '60 ad oggi è leggermente diminuito. Negli ultimi decenni il Sole ha avuto un livello medio di attività delle macchie solari decisamente alto; è stato attivo per l'ultima volta in modo simile oltre 8.000 anni fa.

Il numero di macchie solari è correlato all'intensità della radiazione solare nel periodo dal 1979, quando sono diventate disponibili le misurazioni satellitari del flusso radiativo assoluto. Poiché le macchie solari sono più scure della fotosfera circostante, ci si potrebbe aspettare che più macchie solari porterebbero a una minore radiazione solare e una costante solare ridotta. Tuttavia, i margini circostanti delle macchie solari sono più luminosi della media e quindi più caldi; nel complesso, più macchie solari aumentano la costante o luminosità solare del Sole. La variazione causata dal ciclo delle macchie solari alla produzione solare è relativamente piccola, dell'ordine dello 0,1% della costante solare (un intervallo da picco a minimo di 1,3 W/m2 rispetto a 1366 W/m2 per la costante solare media).

Indici K



Oggi


0h
UTC
3h
UTC
6h
UTC
9h
UTC
12h
UTC
15h
UTC
18h
UTC
21h
UTC
3. 67 3. 33 2.



Data


Planetario stimato

Planetario stimato

Data A Indici K (UTC)
0h 3h 6h 9h 12h 15h 18h 21h
18.10.2025 36 3. 67 4. 00 5.
19.10.2025 18 5. 00 3. 33 2.
20.10.2025 8 3. 00 2. 67 2.
21.10.2025 9 3. 33 3. 00 1.
22.10.2025 4 1. 33 1. 00 0.
23.10.2025 6 2. 00 1. 00 0.
24.10.2025 10 3. 00 2. 33 2.
25.10.2025 9 2. 67 3. 67 2.
26.10.2025 4 1. 00 1. 33 1.
27.10.2025 6 1. 33 0. 67 1.
28.10.2025 19 3. 33 3. 00 3.
29.10.2025 20 3. 00 3. 00 3.
30.10.2025 38 4. 67 3. 67 4.
31.10.2025 25 4. 33 4. 67 4.
01.11.2025 14 3. 00 3. 00 2.
02.11.2025 18 4. 33 3. 67 3.
03.11.2025 20 2. 67 3. 33 4.
04.11.2025 10 3. 00 3. 00 2.
05.11.2025 28 4. 00 3. 33 4.
06.11.2025 43 5. 33 6. 67 5.
07.11.2025 32 5. 00 5. 33 5.
08.11.2025 36 6. 33 5. 33 5.
09.11.2025 8 2. 00 1. 67 2.
10.11.2025 14 3. 00 2. 00 1.
11.11.2025 7 2. 33 2. 67 1.
12.11.2025 27 8. 67 8. 33 7.
13.11.2025 59 7. 33 6. 67 6.
14.11.2025 5 2. 00 0. 67 1.
15.11.2025 9 1. 67 1. 33 2.
16.11.2025 17 3. 67 3. 33 2.

Media latitudine

Data A Indici K
18.10.2025 20 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3
19.10.2025 11 4 2 1 2 2 3 3 2
20.10.2025 6 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2
21.10.2025 8 3 3 2 0 2 2 2 2
22.10.2025 3 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 1
23.10.2025 4 1 1 0 1 1 2 2 2
24.10.2025 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1
25.10.2025 9 2 3 3 2 3 1 1 1
26.10.2025 4 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 1
27.10.2025 4 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2
28.10.2025 14 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
29.10.2025 15 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 4
30.10.2025 24 3 3 4 4 5 4 3 3
31.10.2025 16 3 3 4 3 4 3 2 2
01.11.2025 9 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2
02.11.2025 15 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2
03.11.2025 18 2 3 5 4 3 2 2 3
04.11.2025 9 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2
05.11.2025 19 3 2 4 2 3 1 4 5
06.11.2025 31 5 6 4 3 2 2 3 5
07.11.2025 20 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 3
08.11.2025 25 5 5 5 4 3 2 2 1
09.11.2025 7 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 3
10.11.2025 9 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 2
11.11.2025 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 2
12.11.2025 70 7 7 5 6 5 4 5 4
13.11.2025 43 6 6 5 4 5 4 3 3
14.11.2025 4 2 0 2 1 2 1 1 0
15.11.2025 7 1 1 2 2 2 1 3 2
16.11.2025 3 3 3 3 3 2 2

Alta latitudine

Data A Indici K
18.10.2025 46 2 4 5 6 4 6 6 3
19.10.2025 25 4 3 2 4 5 5 3 3
20.10.2025 7 2 3 2 2 2 1 1 1
21.10.2025 7 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 2
22.10.2025 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
23.10.2025 3 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1
24.10.2025 8 2 2 2 3 3 1 2 1
25.10.2025 12 1 4 4 4 2 1 0 0
26.10.2025 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
27.10.2025 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
28.10.2025 28 1 3 4 4 6 3 4 4
29.10.2025 27 2 2 3 5 4 5 5 3
30.10.2025 58 4 3 6 6 7 6 3 4
31.10.2025 47 3 5 6 6 6 5 3 2
01.11.2025 24 2 3 2 5 5 5 3 2
02.11.2025 31 4 3 4 5 5 5 4 2
03.11.2025 48 2 3 7 6 5 5 4 3
04.11.2025 16 3 2 3 5 4 2 2 0
05.11.2025 35 3 4 6 4 4 4 4 5
06.11.2025 40 4 6 5 5 3 4 5 4
07.11.2025 35 4 5 4 5 5 5 3 3
08.11.2025 49 4 5 7 4 6 5 3 2
09.11.2025 7 3 2 3 2 1 0 1 1
10.11.2025 24 3 2 1 4 4 6 4 2
11.11.2025 8 1 2 3 4 1 1 0 2
12.11.2025 23 7 7 7 8 6 7 6 4
13.11.2025 69 6 6 7 5 7 5 3 1
14.11.2025 3 1 2 0 1 1 2 1 0
15.11.2025 12 1 2 3 4 3 2 2 3
16.11.2025 3 3 3 6 5 3 2

Approfondisci

Il K-index quantifica i disturbi nella componente orizzontale del campo magnetico terrestre con un numero intero compreso tra 0 e 9 con 1 calmo e 5 o più che indicano una tempesta geomagnetica. È derivato dalle fluttuazioni massime delle componenti orizzontali osservate su un magnetometro durante un intervallo di tre ore. L'etichetta K deriva dalla parola tedesca Kennziffer che significa "cifra caratteristica". Il K-index è stato introdotto da Julius Bartels nel 1938.

L'indice Kp planetario stimato di 3 ore è derivato dal NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center utilizzando i dati dei seguenti magnetometri a terra:

  • Sitka, Alaska
  • Meanook, Canada
  • Ottawa, Canada
  • Fredericksburg, Virginia
  • Hartland, UK
  • Wingst, Germany
  • Niemegk, Germany
  • Canberra, Australia

Questi dati sono resi disponibili grazie agli sforzi di cooperazione tra SWPC e fornitori di dati in tutto il mondo, che attualmente comprende l'US Geological Survey, il Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), il British Geological Survey, il German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) e Geoscienze Australia. Importanti osservazioni del magnetometro sono fornite anche dall'Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris e dal Centro meteorologico spaziale coreano. Le osservazioni K-index vengono emesse quando gli indici Kp stimati dal NOAA più alti previsti per un giorno sono K = 5, 6, 7 o > = 8 ed è riportato in termini di scala NOAA G. Gli avvisi sull'indice K vengono emessi quando sono previsti indici Kp stimati dalla NOAA di 4, 5, 6 e 7 o superiori. Gli avvisi K-index vengono emessi quando gli indici Kp stimati dalla NOAA raggiungono 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 o 9.


Altre info
Origine dati: NOAA, Wikipedia

Design

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Unità

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Temperatura

Umidità

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Velocità del vento

Raffica di vento

Precipitazioni

Radiazione solare

Neve

Temperatura apparente

Punto di rugiada

UV

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Estate

Autunno

Inverno